Unlocking the Secrets of Soccer: A Comprehensive Guide to Football's Fundamentals

r halftime break.

If there is no winner after extra time, a penalty shootout ensues.

12. Penalty Shootout

In a football match, if no winner is determined after regular time and extra time, a penalty shootout is used to decide the victor. Each team takes turns shooting penalties, with a total of 5 shots for each team. The team with the most goals after 5 rounds wins. If the score is still tied, a sudden death penalty shootout follows, continuing until one team wins.

13. Football Field

A football field must be rectangular in shape, with a length between 90 and 120 meters and a width between 45 and 90 meters. The length must always exceed the width.

14. Goal

A football goal is placed in the center of each goal line, comprising two upright posts, 7.32 meters apart, equidistant from the corner flag, and connected by a horizontal crossbar situated 2.44 meters above the ground. Whether fixed or movable, goals must be stably secured to the field to ensure safety.

15. Match Ball

The official match ball for an 11-a-side football game is a size 5 ball, characterized by a round shape, leather or appropriate materials, a circumference between 68 and 70 centimeters, a weight between 410 and 450 grams at the start of the match, and an internal pressure equivalent to 0.6 to 1.1 atmospheres at sea level. Substituting the match ball during play is not allowed without the referee's permission.